The breakdown of material comprising batteries, from active material through individual cells, modules, and packs, is well documented in the literature; …
Learn MoreCritical review and functional safety of a battery ...
Learn MoreAmong the entire lithium-ion battery pack, the battery enclosure, which protects the vehicle body system and ensures electrical safety, exhibits the highest environmental emissions throughout the ...
Learn MoreIn order to avoid problem shifting, a life cycle perspective should be applied in the environmental assessment of traction batteries. The aim of this study was to …
Learn More1.1. Environmental impacts of battery electric vehicles. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is a methodology standardised by ISO, 2006, ISO, 2006 to analyse the environmental impacts of products or systems. LCA has been widely applied to electric vehicles in the scientific literature (Hawkins et al., 2012; Marmiroli et al., 2018; Nordelöf et …
Learn MoreThe more common findings include underachieving capacity and RTE, resulting from abnormally large temperature and voltage variations among cells within a battery module; charging or discharging failure due to wiring issues in a battery rack''s high voltage boxes; and thermal runaway initiated in one of the battery modules by internal …
Learn MoreEstimating the environmental impacts of global lithium-ion ...
Learn MoreThe LIB can be divided into three major parts: the cell, the battery management system (BMS), and the pack. The cell comprises active materials, the BMS controls the performance and protection of the batteries, and the pack, which includes a cooling system, isolation material, electrical connections, and an enclosure, is the …
Learn MoreThe high cost of Lithium-ion battery systems is one of the biggest challenges hindering the wide adoption of electric vessels. For some marine applications, battery systems based on the current monotype topologies are significantly oversized due to variable operational profiles and long lifespan requirements. This paper deals with the …
Learn MoreThe basic structure of a Zn/Air battery is shown in Fig. S1: The Zn/Air battery is composed of Zn powder, as negative electrode, a PVA-KOH hydrogel polymer electrolyte and a carbon black-based positive electrode including MnO 2 as catalyst material. Table 1 shows all materials used in the battery fabrication. 0.5 gr of Zn powder suplied by …
Learn MoreLife Cycle Assessment of a Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP ...
Learn MoreThe high cost of Lithium-ion battery systems is one of the biggest challenges hindering the wide adoption of electric vessels. For some marine applications, battery systems based on the current monotype …
Learn MoreLithium-ion batteries (LIBs) with relatively high energy density and power density are considered an important energy source for new energy vehicles (NEVs). However, LIBs are highly sensitive to temperature, which makes their thermal management challenging. Developing a high-performance battery thermal management system …
Learn MoreRoad vehicles — Environmental conditions and testing for electrical and electronic equipment for drive system of electric propulsion vehicles — Part 6: Traction battery packs and systems ... This document provides the necessary information to set up a dedicated test plan for a battery pack or system subject to agreement between the customer ...
Learn MoreFor instance, consider the target value of 9.7 kg CO 2-eq/kWh for a battery pack. Northvolt, a Swedish battery manufacturer, aims to produce battery cells with a carbon footprint lower than 10 kg CO 2-eq/kWh by 2030 [18]. This illustrates the acceptance of an absolute environmental sustainability target perspective in selected industries.
Learn MoreThe study was carried out as a process-based attributional life cycle assessment. The environmental impacts were analyzed using midpoint indicators. The global warming potential of the 26.6 kilowatt-hour (kWh), 253-kilogram battery pack was found to be 4.6 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalents. Regardless of impact category, the …
Learn MoreAmong the entire lithium-ion battery pack, the battery enclosure, which protects the vehicle body system and ensures electrical safety, exhibits the highest environmental emissions throughout the production phase, accounting for up to 63% 9. The proportion of environmental emissions from battery boxes varies among different types …
Learn More1. Introduction. In order to achieve the climate protection targets in the mobility sector - in particular a significant reduction in CO 2 emissions - there is obviously no alternative to the mass introduction of battery electric cars (BEVs). To accomplish the climate targets for 2030 in Germany, for example, around 10 to 12 million electric vehicles …
Learn MoreThis paper presents a model-based cell-health-conscious thermal energy management method. An Arrhenius equation-based mathematical model is firstly identified to quantify the effect of temperature on the cell lifetime of a Nickel Metal Hydride (NiMH) battery pack. The cell aging datasets collected under multiple ambient temperatures are …
Learn MoreThis section presents a comprehensive review of the literature on CBMs for BEVs. An overview is presented in Table 1.Two main types of CBMs for BEVs are identified across studies: i) repurposing batteries after their first use in BEVs either in BEVs in a different market or in another application (e.g., energy storage), followed by recycling, …
Learn MoreA structural link between the usefulness and ease of use of the labels and the way consumers form their attitudes and intentions towards buying healthier products is suggested. Abstract In recent years, increasing attention to the utilisation of Front-Of-Pack Labels (FOPLs) as a tool to prompt individuals towards healthier food choices has been …
Learn MoreIn this paper, the environmental and economic impacts of the life cycle of an advanced lithium based energy storage system (ESS) for a battery electric vehicle are assessed. The methodology followed to …
Learn MoreWith the increase in battery usage and the decommissioning of waste power batteries (WPBs), WPB treatment has become increasingly important. However, there is little knowledge of systems and norms regarding the performance of WPB dismantling treatments, although such facilities and factories are being built across the globe. In this …
Learn MoreDOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.01.056 Corpus ID: 128181737; Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery pack for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles @article{Cusenza2019EnergyAE, title={Energy and environmental assessment of a traction lithium-ion battery pack for plug-in hybrid electric vehicles}, author={Maria Anna …
Learn MoreIn this synthetic environmental assessment, to reflect the full environmental burden in the production and use phases, we select two kinds of BEV …
Learn MoreContact Us